Matrioshka
?? ?.?1.
.
?? , ??? - ?? XVIIXIX ? ? ? ?, ? .


??? ? ? ???? ?? ? ? ?? ????, ? ? ??? ?, ?.

?"???
?? ? . ? ? ? ? ? ? , ??. ? ???? ?? .
? ? ?? . ?, ????? ?? ???? , ? ????? ? ??? ? ?

? ? . ? , ?? ??? ?? ? ? , - ? ? . ?1727 ? ?? ? 1917 .

?? ??? ????? ?1801 1803 ? ? ??(?.
?? ????? ? ?? ??? ????:
??
? ,
? ??.
? ? ?;
? ,
? ?.
? ?????
??? ?,
??? ?
?? ? ? ??? ?. ?? 1812 .

? I? ?? ??, ? ? ? ?, ????? ( ?? ).
?? ? ?- ? ? ?, ? ?

?1892 ??? ? ? ??? ? , ? ???.
?? ?1892-95 . ?? ? ???????? ? ?? ??.
?1895 ??? ? ? ? ??, ?? ???.


???? ? ?? . ? ??? ????? ? ? ?, ?? XVII .

? ?? ?, ??? .

? ? ??19 , ??? .

?17 ? ???? . , ?? , ? ? ? ? ? ? .



?/p>
? ??, ? ??? . ?? ??? ?17 , ?? ?? , ? , ?? ???????? ? ???.
??- ? , ?

????? ?. ? ? ?? ?? ??br />

? ?.

??? ? ? ????? ? ?? ( XX ?? ?? ? ?) ??? ?? ??? ? ??????? ?. ? ? ?. ??? ?. ?? ? ??? . ? ??? ?? , ??? ?

? ??? ? ? ? ??.




?? ??? ? ?
?/b>



??? ???


?? ? ?? ?, ??? ? ? , ? ?? .

?? ? . ? ? ? ?? ?, ?? ?? ? ??. ? ? ?? , ?. ? ??? . ?- ?? ? .

?? ? 4 . ? - .

? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ?17 ? ? ? ???? ?? ? ? ? , ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ?, ? ? ?? ? ? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??


??? ??? ?? ? .



?? ??? , ??? ? ?

1910-?. ?"???
??
??? ?? ???17 . ? ??

? ??? ?, ?




?? . ??? ? ? ??, ? ? ???.

? ? ? ?I ??II.


??????? ? ?? ?, ? ?? .?- ?- ?Ը ? ?


? ?????? ? ?, ?? ?

?? ? ?? ?11 , ?170 .
, ? ??19 , . ?19 ?? , ??


? .
??? ?????.

, ? , ??? ???? ???, ??- . ? ? . ?? ?
?????? ?.

?? ? ??? .
?? ?? ? , ? . ? , ??? ? ? ?? ? - , ? - ? ??( )

? ?? - ?. ?9 ?- 4 ? ??.

? ?. ? ?



.
? ??. ???? .


?? ?? ? ? ?.


? ?? ? ? ? ????? ?? ??? - "?". ? , ? - ? ?. ????.

?? ? XVIII ??? ?(? ?).
? ??.




.........
?"?/a>":
?1 - .
?2 - ?? ?.?1.
?3 - ?? ?.?2.
?4 - ??1.
?5 - ??2.
?6 - ??3.
?7 - ? ?(XIX-XX .)