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Создан: 28.11.2018
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Facts, Stats, And Interesting Stories

?тниц? 28 Ию? 2019 ? 23:45
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In this article I investigated some of the mid-level and developing automobile websites from US and derived their Search Engine Optimization (SEO) indices and trends. In the Standard Model of particle physics this ratio is expected to be very close to one thanks to the so called lepton universality : leptons (like electrons e and muons μ here) behave in the same way (have the same couplings to the gauge bosons , for experts).
LHCb live and LHCb physics are presented in a short movie (about 15 min) "LHCb - the beauty experiment", available at YouTube and CDS The YouTube version https://apratamaa.mhs.uksw.edu/ allows you to choose subtitle language (cc just below the movie window), as well as the image resolution including High Definition version 1080p.

This allowed the LHCb detector, recording the particles only on one side of the interaction point, to make measurements in the case of the proton beam pointing towards the LHCb detector as well as in the opposite case of the lead beam pointing to it.
A difference between properties of matter and antimatter, named CP violation by particle physicists, was discovered in 1964 in the decays of neutral K mesons and was rewarded with the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics for James Cronin and Val Fitch M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa proposed in 1973 a mechanism which could incorporate CP violation within the Standard Model with not less than 6 quarks.

These include an addition to the particle Identification system using an innovative time of flight system based on Cherenkov light; placing detector chambers along the sides of the LHCb dipole to extend the physics reach by reconstructing lower momentum particles; and replacing the inner region of the electromagnetic calorimeter with new technology, thus extending the experiment's measurement programme with photons, neutral pions and electrons.
Since the production cross-section of beauty and charm particles at 13 TeV is about twice as large as that in Run 1, the total sample of beauty particles available for physics analyses is now about three times larger than that recorded during the Run 1 data taking period.
In 2001, CP violation was observed in the decay of so-called Beauty Particles, the B0 mesons composed an anti-quark b and a quark d. The Standard model mechanism of CP violation was confirmed and therefore Kobayashi and Maskawa were rewarded with the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics In March 2012 the LHCb Collaboration reported an observation of CP violation in charged B± meson decays into DK±.

At the LHCC open session, the LHCb collaboration presented the first evidence for an exotic particle decaying into another charmonium (cc) meson, the ηc(1S), plus a π-. The ηc(1S) was reconstructed through its decay to a proton (p) and an antiproton (p).
For example, in B±→π±K+K- decays a broad feature at low K+K- invariant mass that was previously observed by the BaBar collaboration PRL 99 (2007) 221801 appears to be present only in B+ decays, as shown by the filled triangles distribution in the left figure above, and not in the B- distribution (open triangles).
Today at Les Rencontres de Physique de la Vallée d'Aoste , La Thuile, Italy, the LHCb collaboration presented an important result in our quest to understand the nature and origin of CP violation, which is a difference in behaviour between matter and antimatter.

Although these collisions are not at the nominal energy of 13 TeV, and therefore not aimed for physics studies, the collected data are useful for precise synchronization of the readout time of different parts of the calorimeters and muon detectors with the time at which different particles originating from the proton-proton collision point traverse them.
A new analysis from LHCb has measured the CP asymmetry separated into two components: the difference in the decay rate of B meson and anti-B meson (physicists call it "direct CP violation") and the quantum-mechanical phase difference between the B meson and anti-B meson decay ("mixing-induced").

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